If you’re looking to study abroad in Canada, you might be wondering how long an academic year lasts in Canada. The length of the academic year, as well as when each semester starts, can impact when you need to begin your studies and when you should apply for a study permit.

Read on to learn more about the academic calendar in Canada. We’ll also cover how to apply for a student visa, also called a study permit in Canada.

Our free 17łÔąĎÍř platform can connect you with thousands of study programs which start all through the academic year. Try it today!

The Academic Year in Canada

In Canada, an academic year is different from a regular calendar year (which runs from January to December). Generally, the academic year spans from September of one year to August of the following year.

An academic year is typically organized into semesters. How many semesters there are may vary, depending on your study level. At primary and secondary schools, the academic year typically runs from September to June, and is divided into three semesters. Students are generally not in school in July and August unless they’re taking summer school classes.

At the post-secondary level, there are two main semesters:

• Fall semester, which runs from September to December
• Winter semester or Spring semester, which runs from January to April or May

Some institutions also offer a summer semester, which runs between May and August.

Note: Each post-secondary institution may have its own academic calendar. So, semester start and end dates may vary from institution to institution.

If you’re planning to start your post-secondary education in Canada in the fall semester, it’s often best to arrive in August. This will give you time to get settled and attend your college or university’s orientation events.

Summer Programs

Many Canadian colleges and universities offer summer programs between May and August, which is a “third” semester. Summer semesters can be especially helpful for students who want to accelerate their studies or stick to a routine throughout the year instead of taking a summer break.

To help you decide if taking a summer semester is right for you, check out our list of pros and cons of enrolling in summer studies.

How to Apply for a Canadian Study Permit

If you’re wondering how to study in Canada, the first step is enrolling in a study program at a designated learning institution (DLI). After you’ve applied to a program, the college or university will review your application. As part of this application, you may need to put together paperwork that you’ll need again for your student visa application, so be sure to keep copies!

Depending on the institution you apply to, and what study level you are applying for, processing your application can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. If you’re accepted, the university or college admissions team will send you a letter of acceptance (LOA) and a provincial or territorial attestation letter (PAL or TAL). You’ll also have to pay your tuition deposit.

Note: (PALs/TALs) are a new Canadian study permit requirement as of January 2024. A PAL or TAL proves that a student’s enrolment aligns with the national limit for study permit applications.

Documents Required for Canadian Student Visa

Once you’ve been issued your LOA and PAL/TAL, it’s time to fill out all the documents you’ll need for your Canadian student visa, also known as a study permit.

It’s always a good idea to check the official website for the Government of Canada for the . We advise applying at least 120 to 150 days before the start of the academic semester your program begins in.

Some documents and information you’ll need to prepare include your:

• Letter of acceptance (LOA)
• Letter of attestation (PAL/TAL)
• Proof of identity

Note: If you’re planning to study in Quebec, you’ll also have to apply separately for a and include it with your study permit application.

Exactly what documentation you need will depend on the instructions from your local Canadian visa office.

You may also need to demonstrate or complete:

• A custodian declaration (minor students only)
• A letter of explanation / study plan
• A medical exam
• Your travel history
• Ties to your home country

Before you submit your application, read our list of do’s and don’ts when applying for a Canadian student visa. Also check out our tips on how to write a study plan for your Canadian study permit application.

Before you submit your application, go through your documents carefully and make sure they’re all completed! Remember, if any of the documents are in languages other than English or French, they must be before submission.

Pre-Arrival Checklist

Once your Canadian student visa is approved, you’ll need to prepare for your journey to Canada! Before you head to the airport, make sure you have all of these items with you:

• Physical copies of important documents
• Cash
• Any prescription medication
• Electronic devices
• Weather-appropriate clothing

Plus, pack the following documents in your carry-on luggage so you can access them easily:

• Your passport
• Your study permit and PAL/TAL
• Your Letter of Acceptance/Admission as well as your institution’s address and contact details
• Personal identification documents
• Proof of financial support
• Accommodation confirmation and full address

Arriving in Canada

Once you arrive in Canada, you’ll have to complete an interview with a Canadian border services (immigration) officer at the airport. You may need to show some or all of the documents listed in the Pre-Arrival section above to them, so keep these documents handy.

During your interview, it can be helpful to:

• Mention specifics about your program and institution
• Explain why you chose your program and institution
• Share examples of job opportunities in your field after you study abroad
• State how you plan to financially support yourself while you study in Canada

Looking for more tips? Read our handy guide on acing your Canadian study permit interview.

Once you’ve passed your interview, you’ll receive your official study permit (which allows you to stay and study in Canada) and will be on your way to starting your first day of class! Enjoy getting to know your new community and learning all about your institution and campus.

Studying abroad can be a rewarding experience that sets you up for life-long success. No matter which semester your programs start in, we hope you feel well prepared to pursue your studies in Canada with confidence. Best of luck on your study abroad adventure!

Ready to take the next step? Pick a program at a Canadian college or university that best suits you on 17łÔąĎÍř’s free-to-use platform.

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Canada is one of the world’s top four study abroad countries, and it’s easy to see why. Home to some of the world’s top academic institutions, international students will love Canada’s competitive post-graduation work opportunities and its welcoming and inclusive environment.

International students also come to Canada because the country’s education system offers diverse and flexible post-secondary study options. Depending on which institution you attend and which program you take, you may graduate with a degree, a diploma, or a certificate. Read on to learn more about what each of these qualifications mean, and to help determine which study path matches your study abroad goals.

Not sure where you want to study abroad? All our destinations offer incredible opportunities, but learn why you should choose Canada for your international education.

Universities, Colleges, and Vocational Schools

One of the first things to consider when planning to study abroad in Canada is what type of institution you want to attend. There are three main kinds of postsecondary institutions in Canada:

• Universities: From small liberal arts universities to research-focused institutions, international students studying in Canada can choose the university that most closely aligns with their goals. Universities offer bachelor’s degrees, master’s degrees, and doctorate degrees (PhDs) that are respected and recognized around the world.
• Colleges: Colleges offer a hands-on, technical education to give students the skills they need to excel in a specialized field. With smaller class sizes, students can get more one-to-one time with their instructors.
• Vocational Schools: Vocational schools offer job-ready programs designed to prepare students for success in a specific occupation. These schools may also be known as career, technical, or trade schools.

Degrees vs Diplomas vs Certificates

Choosing the right study program includes understanding what type of qualification you’ll graduate with. Certain qualifications take more time to achieve, and if you’re planning to continue your studies after you graduate, it’s important to plan out your entire education path. Regardless of what you choose, Canadian post-secondary qualifications are recognized around the world!

Degrees

Most degrees in Canada are earned through studying at the university level. However, some Canadian colleges also offer bachelor’s degrees. In all, there are four types of degrees, though associate’s degrees are often grouped together with bachelor’s degrees.

Bachelor’s Degree

A bachelor’s degree is a foundational qualification that can lead to a range of careers or further education opportunities. Most Canadian bachelor’s degrees require four years of full-time study, although there are some bachelor’s programs with a duration of three years, and there are also two-year associate’s degrees. Bachelor’s programs in Canada always require in-class studies, but may also include a final project or paper before graduation.

• Length: 3 to 4 years
• Study level: undergraduate
• Academic prerequisites: high school diploma (or equivalent)
• Offered by: Canadian universities and some colleges

Graduates who earn a bachelor’s degree from either a Canadian university or college may be eligible for a without field of study limitations.

Master’s Degree

Students looking to further their education can pursue a master’s degree after they finish their bachelor’s degree, for added specialization in their field of study. In many careers, a master’s degree can help graduates attain higher-earning positions or leadership roles. A master’s degree can be course-based, like a Master of Business Administration (MBA), or research-based.

• Length: 1 to 2 years
• Study level: graduate
• Academic prerequisites: a bachelor’s degree
• Offered by: Canadian universities

Doctorate/PhD

After earning their master’s degree, some students may decide to complete a doctorate degree or PhD. The most well-known doctorate is a PhD. Doctorate degrees are the highest level of education in Canada and at most universities around the world. These programs are usually research-based and students will need to secure a research supervisor at their chosen university.

• Length: 3 to 7 years
• Study level: graduate
• Academic prerequisites: a master’s degree
• Offered by: Canadian universities

Diplomas

When it comes to diploma programs in Canada, some students may wonder: Is a diploma an undergraduate degree? Is a diploma even considered a degree? Why should I consider a diploma vs. a bachelor’s degree?

Diplomas are not the same as degrees. Diplomas set students up for success in a specific field or occupation, and they often take less time to earn than degrees. They also often offer more hands-on learning than more research-focused degrees.

Most diplomas are offered at the college level, though some universities offer diploma programs as well, especially at the postgraduate level. When considering whether to apply for a degree program or a diploma program, consider your career goals and how much access to hands-on experience in your field matters to your career growth.

There are three types of diplomas a student can earn in Canada:

Regular Diploma

A regular diploma provides students with a base level of knowledge and skill in their chosen field of study. It can help students learn about a specific profession, and sometimes includes a work placement like an internship.

• Length: 1 to 2 years
• Study level: undergraduate
• Academic prerequisites: high school diploma (or equivalent)
• Offered by: Canadian colleges (and some universities)

Advanced Diploma

An advanced diploma includes an additional year of study, which allows its coursework to be more specialized than a regular diploma. Advanced diplomas often (but not always) include a co-op or internship. These diplomas can also be a pathway to enrolling in a bachelor’s degree, as many universities offer college-to-university programs for advanced diploma graduates.

• Length: 3 years
• Study level: undergraduate
• Academic prerequisites: high school diploma (or equivalent)
• Offered by: Canadian colleges (and some universities)

Many Canadian college programs lead to in-demand careers in growing industries. Learn more about skilled trades programs in Canada.

Graduate or Postgraduate Diploma

Students can pursue a graduate diploma (sometimes called a postgraduate diploma) after completing a regular or advanced diploma, or a bachelor’s degree. A graduate diploma offers students a combination of classroom training and hands-on experience. Graduate diplomas are popular among professionals looking to expand their skills, advance their careers, and broaden their understanding of their chosen field.

• Length: 1 to 2 years
• Study level: graduate
• Academic prerequisites: regular/advanced diploma or a bachelor’s degree
• Offered by: Canadian colleges and universities

Certificates

Certificate programs are often the shortest type of post-secondary education in Canada. Sometimes also known as “micro-credentials”, many students enrol in certificate programs for professional development, to earn a professional certification (required in some careers), or to build on a previously earned credential.

• Length: usually less than 1 year
• Study level: undergraduate
• Academic prerequisites: varies, but typically at least a high school diploma
• Offered by: Canadian universities, colleges, and vocational schools

Whether you choose a short micro-credential program, or dive into a degree, your study abroad future in Canada is waiting. Here’s to taking your next step!

Ready to start your study abroad adventure in Canada? Explore top programs using our free 17łÔąĎÍř platform!

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There are lots of great reasons to study abroad in Germany. Students not only benefit from a more affordable cost of living while studying, but also established pathways to post-study work. And, if you’re considering studying in Germany, you have a lot of options: it’s home to ! Depending on your interests and study goals, your best fit might be a research or regular university (Universität), a technical university of applied sciences (Hochschule fĂĽr angewandte Wissenschaften or Fachhochschule), or a college of art or music.

In this post, we’ll look at five German universities of applied sciences which offer excellent study options. Plus, all of these private universities’ programmes are accredited by the state through bodies like the , which ensures their teaching and learning quality meets national standards. Some programmes, like MBAs, may have further accreditations.

Learn how a research university is different from a university of applied sciences—and which option suits your goals—in our guide to the German education system!

Image Credit: , , via Wikimedia Commons

University of Europe for Applied Sciences

With a of over 90%, the University of Europe for Applied Sciences (UE) sets its students up for career success. Programmes at UE include language classes, bachelor’s and master’s degrees, and executive education. With locations in Berlin, Hamburg, Iserlohn, and Potsdam, international students can choose from four cutting-edge campuses.

UE’s programmes are also accredited by , a European accreditation agency guided by the European Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ESG).

Unique Features

UE Potsdam is located in . Students may connect with professionals from companies like Oracle, the Volkswagen Group, and SAP’s Innovation Centre Network, all of which operate out of this future-facing city. On campus, programmes focus on technology, data, and design. If you’re interested in creative entrepreneurship, the GrĂĽnderwerkstatt workshop at UE Berlin can connect you with projects and mentors to build your skills.

Passionate about business and professional sports? Build a career which bridges these worlds with UE’s Sport & Event Management programme. It’s offered at multiple campuses, and this programme hones your sport-specific knowledge with esports, soccer, or basketball management specializations.

Did you know: UE is one of the most diverse institutions in Europe? Students from over 140 nationalities study there!

Image Credit: , , via Wikimedia Commons

Gisma University of Applied Sciences

Gisma University of Applied Sciences (Gisma) has campuses in Berlin and Potsdam. Both cities are key economic hubs for Germany, and Gisma has leveraged this to build strong industry partnerships. That way, its students benefit from a mix of in-class and hands-on learning.

Gisma’s academic programmes are taught in English, making them accessible to more international students. And, with specialties in business, engineering, and technology, there’s bound to be a programme that suits your career goals!

Plus, current students can network with Gisma’s engaged alumni body for mentorship and career guidance. That network, combined with the skills you’ll learn in class and at placements, really works: .

Unique Features

Attending classes at the Berlin campus? Take to build your language skills. Tuition fees also include access to SAP materials, programmes, and internships thanks to the university’s SAP Alliance membership.

If you’re interested in global business leadership, Gisma’s business school is highly regarded and offers a Global MBA programme which is accredited by the prestigious Association of MBAs (AMBA).

Image Credit: , , via Wikimedia Commons

International University of Applied Sciences (IU)

As one of Germany’s largest private universities, International University of Applied Sciences (IU) offers international students 70+ programme options in English. Students also benefit from affordable tuition and flexible learning opportunities. IU’s bachelor’s and master’s degree programmes cover in-demand fields from health management to engineering, and are accredited by the German Council of Science and Humanities. IU also offers a highly sought-after Bachelor’s of Science in Applied Artificial Intelligence (AI), which focuses on the practical applications of AI.

IU’s instructors use virtual classrooms, digital platforms, and more to prepare students for a digital workplace. Plus, internships give students space to learn, practice practical skills, and build their network in some of Germany’s top companies.

IU’s Berlin campus is centrally located, so students are surrounded by everything Germany’s capital offers, including citywide access to libraries and learning facilities.

Unique Features

If you’re a self-starter who enjoys a mix of in-person and online learning, IU could be a perfect fit. The university’s digital platform uses AI tech like ChatGPT and Syntea to customize students’ learning experiences to align with their needs—and their schedule.

Often,  and the rest of the week is self-guided study. But, any time students have questions, they can contact IU’s study and career coaches for support. Students also have access to extensive study guides tailored to their programme.

Image Credit: , , via Wikimedia Commons

Macromedia University of Applied Sciences

Macromedia University of Applied Sciences specializes in creative, digital media, and business communication programmes. With over 100 specializations, whether you’re aiming for a future in brand management, UI/UX design, or filmmaking, programmes are built to address industry needs and a wide range of student interests.

Whether you choose the Macromedia campus in Berlin or Munich, you’ll be surrounded by vibrant city life. Plus, you’ll benefit from Macromedia’s closely-knit network of over 500 industry partners when it comes to internship choices, mentorship opportunities, and more.

Unique Features

Learning at Macromedia is designed to give you practical skills for your future career. Programmes include projects, workshops, and practical (work) semesters to help you understand what a day in your dream job really looks like.

Meanwhile, the small class sizes and group learning opportunities will help you bond with fellow students. You’ll also have lots of chances to interact directly with your instructors and other faculty.

Image Credit: , , via Wikimedia Commons

Hochschule Fresenius

From bioanalytical chemistry to business management, instructors at Hochschule Fresenius (Fresenius University of Applied Sciences) have been inspiring students and preparing them for their future careers since it was founded in 1848 (as Chemisches Laboratorium Fresenius). Today, students from around the world learn at nine HF campuses in cities like Berlin, Idstein, Munich, and Wiesbaden.

Programmes at the undergraduate and graduate levels are taught in English. And, no matter which programme you choose, expect a strong emphasis on building career-ready skills through internships, case studies, and collaboration with local industry.

Unique Features

Becoming an international student is an amazing opportunity for personal and academic growth. Want to build your German language skills, go on a field trip, or attend a business plan workshop? You can easily keep track of and join different extracurricular activities Hochschule Fresenius offers by using its .

Did You Know: If you want to try living in a few different parts of Germany as an international student, many programmes at Hochschule Fresenius allow you to !

We hope that this look at five popular academic institutions in Germany has inspired your own study abroad journey! To learn more about studying in Germany, check out 17łÔąĎÍř’s study guide.

Ready to go? Search for a study programme in Germany that suits your goals on the 17łÔąĎÍř platform.

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If you’re considering studying in Germany, you likely already know that Germany is renowned for its high-quality education system. German institutions are recognized globally for their quality and emphasis on practical learning.

Whether you’re considering studying in Germany for just a semester or planning to complete your degree, understanding the German education system is essential for your study abroad success. In this article, we’ll guide you through key details of the German education system, from primary to post-secondary education.

Ready to start your study abroad journey in Germany? Check out the 600+ programmes at German institutions available on the 17łÔąĎÍř platform!

Primary and Secondary Education in Germany

The German education system follows the , a framework which outlines the qualifications students can achieve. All students must complete at least nine years of full-time education and two to three years of part-time education, starting with primary school.

The , each catering to different age groups and stages of learning:

Pre-School Education

While not mandatory in Germany, Kindergarten (pre-school) offers early childhood education for children aged three to six. Kindergarten focuses on social skills, creativity, and learning through play, preparing children for primary school.

Primary Education

At age six, children enter Grundschule (primary school), which lasts for four years (except in Berlin and Brandenburg, where primary school lasts for six years). During Grundschule, students are introduced to basic subjects such as mathematics, German, and general studies.

Secondary Education

A child’s academic performance in primary school determines which type of secondary (Sekundarstufe) school they attend. Germany has two main types of secondary schools:

• Gesamtschule/Gemeinschaftsschule: Also known as comprehensive school, this school teaches students from grades 5 to 12 (ages 10 to 18). Gesamtschule programmes often focus on preparing students to pursue vocational education after graduation. Most students graduate after completing Fachoberschule, a two-year program within Gesamtschule that combines academic study with practical training in Grades 11 and 12.
• Gymnasium: Sometimes called grammar school, Gymnasium offers education from grades 5 to 13. Students at a Gymnasium often graduate after completing Gymnasiale Oberstufe, a two- to three-year programme focused on advanced academics and university preparation.

Note: Some federal states have different types of secondary schools, including Hauptschulen (upper elementary or junior high school) and Realschulen (a six-year alternative to Gymnasium).

Students can receive up to four secondary level qualifications in Germany, based on how many years of secondary school they complete:

• Erster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss (ESA): The first level of qualification, awarded to students who complete Grade 9. In some federal states, an ESA is sufficient to enroll in vocational training.
• Mittlerer Schulabschluss (MSA): The second level of qualification, awarded to students who complete Grade 10. An MSA is typically a prerequisite for attending vocational training or switching from a Gesamtschule to a Gymnasium to pursue university preparation.
• Fachabitur: The third level of qualification, awarded to students who complete Fachoberschule. A Fachabitur (or equivalent) is required to enrol at a German University of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschulen).
• Abitur: The highest level of secondary qualification. The Abitur is awarded to students who graduate from Gymnasiale Oberstufe. Students who receive the Abitur are eligible to apply to study at universities (Universitäten) to pursue research-focused academic programs, including bachelor’s, master’s, and PhD degrees.

Post-Secondary Education in Germany

Vocational Education

The German education system is known for its , combining classroom learning with practical training in a workplace. The dual system is closely linked with industry needs, ensuring students acquire relevant skills for post-study employment. Students can enrol in vocational school (Berufsschule) after completing their ESA or MSA.

These vocational programmes often last two to three years and include attending class part-time and completing on-the-job training at a German company. Typically, students attend classes one to two days a week and work three to four days at their apprenticeship site.

and helps students fast-track their careers by giving them hands-on experience in their field. including automotive, engineering, information technology (IT), health care, and hospitality.

Higher Education

Higher education in Germany includes four main types of institutions: universities, universities of applied sciences, universities of technology, and specialized institutions. While all German universities offer bachelor’s and master’s degrees, they differ in their focus:

• Universities (Universitäten): These institutions are research-oriented and offer a wide range of academic disciplines. They also offer doctoral programmes and are ideal for students looking to pursue scholarly research or advanced academic careers.
• Universities of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschulen or UAS): These institutions emphasize practical education. Many have extensive ties to local and international industry, and their programmes often include mandatory internships and project-based learning. They are great for students who wish to enter the workforce quickly after completing their degrees.
• Universities of Technology (Technische Universitäten or TU): These institutions specialize in engineering, technology, and applied sciences (STEM) programmes. They’re home to advanced research facilities, interdisciplinary programs, and strong ties with industries such as automotive, aerospace, and IT.
• Specialized Institutions: These institutions’ programmes focus on specific fields, such as colleges of art and music (Kunsthochschulen and Musikhochschulen). Many specialized institutions feature practice-oriented curriculum, small class sizes for individualized mentorship, and access to state-of-the-art spaces.

Private vs. Public Institutions

While most higher education institutions (HEIs) in Germany are public, private universities are increasingly popular among international students. Private institutions often offer specialized programs, and smaller class sizes with personalized support and industry-focused training. However, they charge tuition fees to both domestic and international students. By contrast, German public institutions often feature diverse program offerings and charge little to no tuition fees to all students.

For post-secondary students considering studying in more than one country, it’s important to note that Germany follows the . The Bologna Process is a series of agreements among European countries designed to ensure compatibility and international recognition of the country’s academic qualifications. This system makes it easier for students to transfer credits, study abroad, and have their degrees recognized globally.

Pathway Programmes and Alternative Study Options

Students who need to meet academic or language requirements before entering a university programme may pursue a pathway programme. The most popular options include:

• Foundation Year Programmes (Studienkolleg): Required for students whose high school diploma is not directly equivalent to the German Abitur, Studienkolleg helps bridge academic gaps. To complete the Studienkolleg programme, students must take the FeststellungsprĂĽfung, or university qualification exam.
• English Language Preparation Programmes: Many universities offer preparatory programmes to improve international students’ academic English proficiency before they start a degree.
• Dual Study Programmes (Duales Studium): Academic coursework and hands-on industry training allows students to gain work experience while earning a degree.

Admission Requirements to Study in Germany

Language Requirements

Many universities in Germany offer programmes in English, particularly at the postgraduate level. However, knowledge of the German language can significantly enhance your academic and social experience. Most undergraduate programmes require proficiency in German, so it’s a good idea to check the language requirements of your selected programmes before you apply.

Admissions Process

To apply for a higher education programme in Germany, international students typically need to provide:

• A recognized secondary school diploma equivalent to the German Abitur.
• Proof of language proficiency (German or English, depending on the programme).
• Additional documentation, such as a CV, motivation letter, and letters of recommendation.

To find out more about the German student visa application process, check out our step-by-step guide.

Financing Your Education

Studying in Germany is often more cost-effective than in many other popular destinations. The cost of living in Germany for international students can be quite affordable, and some public universities don’t charge tuition fees for domestic or international students. However, these institutions may still charge small semester fees that cover their administration and services.

International students looking to fund their study abroad journey in Germany can also turn to scholarship programs. International students may be able to apply for scholarships through their intended institution, or through providers such as ,, or .

Students can also usually work part-time while studying in Germany, without a separate work permit. International students can work up to 20 hours per week during the school semester either on- or off-campus.

Germany’s education system offers students a diverse, high-quality, and globally recognized academic experience. Students benefit from a future-focused education that opens doors to international career opportunities and long-term success.

By understanding the structure and requirements of the education system, you are one step closer to embarking on an exciting academic adventure in Germany. Don’t forget to engage with local culture and connect with fellow students—these experiences will undoubtedly make your time in Germany unforgettable!

Embark on your European study abroad journey today and explore 17łÔąĎÍř’s partner schools across Germany!

The post Understanding the German Education System: A Guide for International Students appeared first on 17łÔąĎÍř.

Obtaining a Canadian student visa is an important step in the application process for international students. After all, you won’t be able to enter the country if you don’t have a visa. However, a visa isn’t the only important document international students need. You’ll need a Canadian study permit, too!

Study permits are issued by the Government of Canada and at specific academic institutions (known as “designated learning institutions” or DLIs). But while many people use the terms student visa and study permit interchangeably, they actually refer to two different things.

Note: The content of this post is intended only as information. For official guidance on student visas and study permits, check the or speak with an .

Canadian Study Permits vs. Student Visas

Here’s a quick comparison of what study permits and student visas do:

• Student visa: allows you to enter Canada
• Study permit: allows you to stay and study in Canada

After you’ve applied for and been accepted into a study program at a Canadian institution, you’ll need to apply for a study permit. It’s a good idea to apply early, as Canadian study permit processing times can be a few weeks or a few months, and vary by country.

To check how long study permit processing times are, use the .

When your study permit application is accepted, you won’t receive your permit right away if you applied outside of Canada. Instead, you’ll receive:

• A port of entry letter of introduction which says you’re allowed to study in Canada. It will include your , but is NOT your study permit.
• A (temporary resident visa) or (eTA), if you need one.

Essentially, the visitor visa or eTA functions as your student visa: it authorizes you to travel to Canada. However, these documents grant only conditional authorization to arrive in Canada.

After landing at the airport, or arriving at a Canadian port of entry, you’ll participate in a short study permit interview with a Canadian Border Services (CBSA) officer. They’ll ask you questions about your studies and review your supporting documentation. So, before you get on your flight, make sure you have these documents on hand, not packed in the middle of your luggage!

Common questions from border services officers include:

• What is your reason for coming to Canada?
• What program are you taking?
• What level of study are you pursuing?
• How long are you staying in Canada?
• Do you have any restrictions on your ability to work?

Ultimately, the border services officer has the authority to either grant you a study permit or deny you entry into Canada. It’s important to note that even if your study permit has been approved by Immigration, Refugee and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), a border services officer can still refuse you entry. That’s why it’s very important that you’re

In order to study in Canada, you’ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself without needing to work full-time. Our helpful guide walks you through how to get proof of financial support—check it out!

Maintaining Your Canadian Study Permit

While studying in Canada, it’s important that you of your study permit and keep it up-to-date. For example, some study permits will have conditions that allow international students to work off-campus. Meanwhile, other students may only be able to work on-campus.

Keep in mind that if you change your name or address, you must update your study permit’s profile information. Luckily, this can be done online using the Government of Canada’s !

It’s also smart to understand what you can and can’t do with your study permit. For example, in the past, if a student wanted to change their college or university, they could do so without applying for a new study permit. However, in November 2024, the rules changed. Now, if you’d like to , you’ll need to functionally get a new study permit by applying to extend your current one.

We hope this guide helped you understand the difference between student visas and study permits in Canada. As you get ready to go, use our pre-arrival checklist for international students to stay organized!

Ready to look for study program options in Canada? Find the program that matches your goals on the free-to-use 17łÔąĎÍř platform today.

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If you’re an international student looking to study in Germany, your German student visa process may vary, depending on where you’re coming from and how long your studies are. Some international students must apply for a visa before leaving their home country. Others may enter Germany without a visa, but will need a student visa and/or residence permit if they wish to stay in Germany for longer than 90 days or work while they’re studying.

Below, we’ll look at how the German student visa application process works and the different kinds of visas students are eligible for. Plus, we’ll explain the difference between student visas and residence permits—both important documents for international students in Germany!

Please note: this post is offered as information only. For official visa guidance, refer to the or contact the German embassy or consulate in your home country.

Who Needs a German Student Visa?

It varies. Fortunately, the German government has created a chart where you can to enter Germany. Let’s take a look at some of the :

Are you a citizen of…

• Part of the European Union (EU), Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, or Switzerland? You don’t need a student visa or residence permit to work or study in Germany. However, you’ll need to register your address at the once you arrive.
• Andorra, Brazil, El Salvador, Honduras, Monaco, or San Marino? You don’t need a student visa in Germany. You’ll just need to register your address at the Residents’ Registration Office, and apply for a residence permit within 90 days of arriving in Germany at the Ausländerbehörde or Ausländeramt (foreigners’ authority) in your city.

If you plan to work part-time, you’ll need a student visa, plus address registration and a residence permit.

• Australia, Canada, Great Britain, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, or the US? You don’t need a student visa to enter Germany. You must, however, register your address at the Residents’ Registration Office and apply for a residence permit at the Ausländerbehörde within 90 days of your arrival.

If you’re not a citizen of one of the countries listed above, you’ll likely need both a student visa and a residence permit to study in Germany.

What Kinds of German Student Visas Are There?

If you need a visa and are staying 90 days or less (like if you’re taking a language programme), you’ll apply for a Schengen visa or “C visa.” The Schengen visa may not be extended.

Students who plan to study in Germany for more than 90 days will need a national visa, also called a “D visa.”

Future international students may apply for one of two . If you’ve already been accepted into a German academic institution, you may apply for a student visa. However, if you’re still waiting for your letter of acceptance, or if you need to do an entrance exam or in-person interview in Germany, you can apply for a prospective student visa. Prospective student visas also work for students taking language classes or attending a (pathway program).

Note: If you plan to study in Germany, apply for a student visa before you travel there. For example, if you enter Germany on a tourist visa, it .

How Long Do German Student Visas Take to Process?

National visas may . Processing times vary by visa subcategory, though, so yours may be shorter. For example, on the German Consular Service website for India, student visa processing time was in April 2025. Even so, it’s wise to start your visa application as early as possible!

The German Student Visa Application Process

Step 1: Choose the Right Visa

The best visa option may vary based on your academic plans and duration of stay:

• (Visum zu Studienzwecken): For students with a letter of acceptance to a higher education institution.
• (Visum zur Studienbewerbung): If you plan to apply, interview, or take an entrance exam in person in Germany, or if you’re taking a language course in preparation for your studies.
• (Sprachkursvisum): For students attending intensive, daily language courses which are not in preparation for studying or training in Germany.

Step 2: Gather Your Visa Documents

Every country’s German embassy or consulate may have specific application requirements. For example, many international students from China, Vietnam, and India must have their documents’ authenticity checked by the (APS). However, most students will need to include in their visa application.

Common German student visa application requirements include:

• Application documents including a completed application form, valid passport, a birth certificate, and passport photos.
• Certified translations of academic documents, if not in English or German.
• Proof of language skills in the language(s) of instruction.
• Proof of financial resources (€11,904 in 2025) through a blocked account (Sperrkonto) or scholarship.
• Proof of health and travel insurance that covers the entire duration of the stay.
• Proof of purpose of stay, via either a confirmation of admission, proof of conditional admission, or confirmation in an university preparatory programme (a Studienkolleg).

Missing or incorrect documents can lead to delays or rejection, so double-check everything before your visa appointment!

Step 3: Schedule a Visa Appointment

Book an appointment at the nearest . Appointments can fill up quickly, especially from May to July. Watch your embassy’s website for appointment openings, and get all the required documents ready before the appointment date.

Step 4: Submit Your Visa Application and Attend an Interview

At your German visa appointment, you’ll submit your student visa application and the required documents.
You’ll also pay an entry visa fee. Remember to keep your entry visa fee receipt!

You may have to participate in an in-person interview, too. Your interviewer will ask about your motivation, study plans, and how you’ve prepared to live in Germany. Be ready to discuss your chosen programme, career goals, and how your studies align with these goals. Be honest and be clear.

Step 5: Allow Time for Visa Processing

Processing times vary depending on your country of origin, the embassy’s workload, and the time of year. It can take longer during peak seasons. With that in mind, it’s smart to .

Step 6: Receive Your Visa

If you’re approved, you’ll receive your student visa. Make sure all the details (your name, the visa’s validity dates, and any entry conditions) are correct. Now, you can set up your travel and housing arrangements, buy insurance, and prepare for your move.

Step 7: Enrol in Classes and Register Your Address

After arriving in Germany, you must enrol at the higher education institution where you’ll be studying. You may be able to do this online (via the university portal), in person at the student affairs office, or both. After enrolling, you’ll receive your certificate of enrolment—a key document you’ll need as you settle in.

You must also with the Residents’ Registration Office. Students must have long-term housing arranged within two weeks of arriving in Germany.

Step 8: Convert Your Student Visa into a Residence Permit

While a student visa lets you enter Germany, a residence permit establishes your ability to stay in Germany while studying. Within 90 days of arriving in Germany, most international students must apply for a residence permit.

You’ll need your certificate of enrolment, proof of residence, and confirmation of address registration to apply for a residence permit, along with like proof of finances and a completed application form.

Residence permits for international students are generally and may be renewed for an additional two years.

Step 9: Get Studying!

Receiving your residence permit is a key step when setting up for your studies—and life—in Germany. Once you have yours, you’re largely considered to have completed the German student visa application process.

You’ll be ready to start your classes, and will also be able to work part-time during your studies or for up to 90 days within 6 months.

We hope this guide to the German student visa application process is helpful, and wish you the best of luck on your study journey!

Find a study programme in Germany that matches your goals on the 17łÔąĎÍř platform today.

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Germany’s popularity among international students is growing every year. It’s easy to understand why students want to study in Germany: many German universities are top-ranked globally and are home to modern teaching and research facilities, extensive libraries, and robust student services.

If you’re thinking about studying in Germany, you’ll be able to choose from different types of academic institutions. These include historic universities with centuries of academic tradition and field-leading research, advanced colleges of art and music, and applied sciences universities with strong industry partnerships.

Plus, whether you’re living in vibrant cities like Berlin and Munich or in close-knit university towns, students benefit from Germany’s affordable cost of living and high-quality academic opportunities which integrate career training.

“Affordability, combined with Germany’s strong academic reputation and post-study work opportunities, positions it as an attractive option for international students seeking quality education. It’s clear why student interest is surging,” notes 17łÔąĎÍř’s Head of Emerging Markets, Ian McRae.

Read on for more great reasons to study abroad in Germany!

In January, we launched Germany as our sixth study abroad destination. Check out our growing list of academic institution partners in Germany and find the right program for you!

World-Class Learning Experience

Innovation, excellence, and creativity are central to Germany’s education system and its culture at large. Today, Germany , and it has produced over 80 Nobel Prize winners. This history of discovery helps international students in Germany thrive in programmes taught by field-leading instructors.

While many bachelor’s degrees in Germany are taught in German, thousands of master’s and doctoral programmes are , making them accessible to students from around the world. It’s no wonder Germany is on track to !

Take the next step in your study abroad journey with the free-to-use 17łÔąĎÍř platform! We can match you to programmes in Germany that suit your academic goals and budget—you’ll even find 300+ bachelor’s degrees taught in English.

Germany is also home to some of the world’s most respected universities. In fact, in 2025, according to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings.

And, support for international students goes beyond the classroom. Many institutions have International Student Offices which offer helpful events and resources for adjusting to life in Germany. With diverse student clubs, societies, and sports leagues on campus, students are likely to find extracurriculars they enjoy. Clubs and sports can be a great way to make new friends and build new skills, enriching your experience as a student—after all, you can’t study all the time!

Dual Programmes Build Deep Knowledge and Employable Skills

Beyond sector-leading research and top-quality programmes, there’s another reason German institutions earn global accolades. Colleges and universities in Germany leverage strong industry partnerships to help students get hands-on experience in their field of study well before they graduate.

Particularly at , you can take . These programmes may include training, direct employment, or work experience opportunities. All work/study programmes blend in-class learning with internships and industry projects, so students graduate with strong theoretical and practical skills, and a broad industry network. Some students will even at the end of their programme!

This pairing of work and study is especially helpful for international students. For most students, work/study programmes will give them their first work experience in Germany, and will help set them up for long-term career success.

Interested in studying in Germany? Learn more about the Land of Ideas with our helpful guide.

Work Part-Time While Studying

International students in Germany may while class is in session. During breaks like summer holidays, students may work full-time (up to 40 hours per week). However, it’s important to keep in mind that over the entire year, students can only work up to 140 full days, or 280 half-days.

In Germany, international students may work on- or off-campus. While many part-time jobs require at least basic German communication skills, many jobs on campus, in larger cities, or with international companies may not require German. No matter where you’re working, or in what language, all students must be paid at least the (€12.82/hour, as of January 1, 2025). Some exceptions exist for internships and training opportunities. Germany does not have a lower minimum wage for jobs that receive tips, like being a server in a restaurant.

Affordable Tuition and Cost of Living

The cost of studying in Germany is often quite affordable. Some public universities charge no tuition or a very small tuition fee to domestic or international students, just a small semester fee. Meanwhile, even private universities range .

While the average cost of living varies, southern Germany tends to be more expensive (including cities like Munich, Frankfurt, and Stuttgart). To help ensure students can cover their costs, the German government requires international students to (a Sperrkonto) before they start their studies. Then, the account pays out €992 per month to help students cover their rent, groceries, and other costs.

Most students will spend between €800 and €1,440 per month on living expenses while studying in Germany (in 2025; numbers will change over time and depending on location). That said, the average monthly is €1,115, so students who live in larger cities will likely have a higher budget. Do your research to figure out what part of the country and living arrangements suit your goals and budget best!

Excellent Quality of Life

Germany is , based on the Better Life Index. Its residents are more civically engaged, educated, and satisfied with their lives than the global average. Plus, they benefit from great environment quality, safety, and access to employment. Some of this stems from a strong social safety net: health care services, a robust public transportation network, and social security benefits are accessible for most residents.

Germany also has a lively culture which celebrates the arts and athletics, in addition to many . While its 1,000 theatres and many Germans’ (fuĂźball in German) might seem like “nice-to-haves,” these cultural events bring people from all walks of life together, ultimately improving social cohesion and making Germany a better place to live.

Becoming an international student in Germany is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. From Germany’s top-tier education system to its affordable cost of living, there are many great reasons to study abroad in Germany!

Curious about studying in Germany? Check out higher education programmes from 15+ German academic institutions on the 17łÔąĎÍř platform.

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As the home to the oldest universities in the English-speaking world, the United Kingdom (UK) is renowned for the quality of its education and research. The country welcomed over , and is among the top four countries students choose for international education.

This may already be enough to pique your interest, but choosing a study abroad destination can be a complex decision. There are many factors to consider, including quality of education, cost, visa availability, post-graduation work, and more. Read on for a guide of key things international students need to know about studying in the UK.

Ready to start your study abroad journey in the UK? Find a course that fits your academic and career goals on the 17łÔąĎÍř platform.

What is the UK?

The UK is a country in western Europe that is made up of four nations: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The UK’s capital city is London, which is also the country’s largest city and the capital city of England.

Each of the four nations have individual governments that manage local affairs such as healthcare and other social services. A democratically-elected government, known as Parliament, oversees the UK’s national and international affairs including student visas and other education-related regulations.

As of mid-2023, the . This population is highly multicultural, with many residents coming from different cultural and religious backgrounds. In fact, according to the , over 18% of the UK’s residents self-identify as an ethnic minority.

Looking to learn more about the four nations that make up the UK? Check out our guides on studying in Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.

Why Study in the UK?

The UK has a long-standing reputation for academic excellence. Students can get a world-class education, access cutting-edge research, and learn from the brightest minds. Studying in the UK can help international students earn the knowledge and skills that employers want, while enjoying a high quality of life! Below, you’ll find a few more benefits of studying the UK.

Get a World-Class Education

One of the biggest reasons students choose the UK is its reputation for academic excellence. UK universities consistently rank amongst the best in the world. Three of the top 10 universities in the are in the UK.

This high quality of education can be found across the country. More than 25 universities in the UK rank among the top 200 universities in the and .

Higher education institutions in the UK are regulated by the British government to maintain their globally recognized, high standard of education, and to ensure that students get the best teaching, support, and resources.

Did you know there are over 10,000 programs available at UK partner institutions on the 17łÔąĎÍř platform? Check them out today!

Participate in Cutting-Edge Research

Students in the UK have the opportunity to collaborate on groundbreaking research, get their hands on the latest technology, and learn from brilliant thinkers. The country is at the forefront of innovative research and emerging technologies, giving students exposure to insights and experiences that are in high demand around the world. In fact, the UK is , with over 200,000 citable publications in 2024 alone.

Benefit From Short and Flexible Programs

Academic courses (called “programs” in other countries) are generally shorter in the UK than many other destinations. Students can usually earn a bachelor’s degree after three years of full-time study, or complete a master’s degree course in one year.

By comparison, in Canada and the United States, undergraduate degrees often take four years and master’s degrees can take upwards of two years to complete. The shorter course duration in the UK helps to reduce overall tuition fees and student accommodation costs, making the UK an attractive study option.

Note: This benefit varies depending on where you’re coming from. Students who completed 12 (not 13) years of primary and secondary school in their home country often have to complete a bachelor’s preparation or foundation year course before enrolling in a degree course.

Live in a Great Place

The UK is one of the most desirable places to live in the world. It offers its residents a high quality of education, as well as robust healthcare, transportation systems, infrastructure, and government services. The country performs above average in most measures for the. These measures include citizens’ health status, as well as their jobs and earnings, income and wealth, education and skills, and overall well-being.

The UK is known for its rich history, impressive architecture, stunning scenery, and unique culture. The country is also a great starting point to explore the rest of Europe.

How Does the UK’s Education System Work?

The UK’s education system is divided into primary education (Years 1-6), secondary education (Years 7-11), pre-university or further education (Years 12-13), and higher education (undergraduate and postgraduate studies).

Early, Primary, and Secondary Education

For early, primary, and secondary education, the UK offers two schooling options: state schools and independent schools. , which are free to attend and which are governed and funded by the UK Department of Education. These schools generally cater to residents but often include foreign national children living in the UK with the appropriate immigration status.

Eligible international students with dependents may also be interested in having their children attend an independent school for early, primary, or secondary schooling. Although these schools are not administered by the government and are instead funded by student fees, they still adhere to the national educational standards.

If you plan to bring your family with you when you study in the UK, ensure you fully understand dependent visa policies before you apply.

Further Education

Students in the UK complete secondary school at age 16. After secondary school, they go on to attend a for two years, referred to as Year 12 and Year 13 of their education journey. At this point, students can choose to attain academic qualifications required for admission into a university, or pursue vocational qualifications to go directly into the workforce.

Further Education is equivalent to the final years of secondary school in the US, Canada, and many other parts of the world. Often, Further Education colleges are large and comprehensive institutions with many study options. But some Further Education institutions specialize in certain areas of study, such as visual and performing arts colleges or agricultural colleges.

Higher Education

Higher Education refers to degree education, including undergraduate and postgraduate studies. Bachelor’s degrees are typically awarded after three years of full-time study in the UK (except in Scotland, where it takes four years). However, if the student adds a year of work experience in between their study terms—referred to as a sandwich course—it can take four years to graduate.

Students can earn a master’s degree in one year, while a doctorate is typically completed in three to five years. Professional degrees—such as medicine, veterinary, and architecture degrees—usually require five years of study.

Higher Education is typically offered by universities, though some Further Education colleges and institutes also award degrees and foundation degrees (a two-year degree) in partnership with a recognized body.

Qualifications

With over 50,000 courses to choose from, international students have a lot of study options in the UK. The government has established for these options based on difficulty level.

Wondering how to apply for a UK student visa? Our undergraduate and postgraduate application guides walk you through the application process, including a UK student visa document checklist that outlines what key documents to include.

Does the UK Offer Foundation Programs?

International students interested in studying in the UK can take a preparatory course, known as a foundation year or pathway program, to gain the academic or English language skills they need for admission to higher education courses. Foundation courses help students transition into their degree course and are offered by universities, colleges, and private study centers with university partnerships.

Foundation courses available to international students include:

• English language programs for students looking to strengthen their English skills.
• Academic pathway programs for students who need to gain specific academic skills and subject-specific knowledge before entering their desired degree course.
• International foundation years, which bridge the gap between the UK’s 13-year education system and the 12-year system found in many other countries.
• International Year One, an intensive, two- to three-term course equivalent to the first year of an undergraduate degree. This option is intended for international students who show academic potential but don’t meet the requirements for direct entry into a degree program.

Any of these foundation programs are also a great way for international students to immerse themselves in the local culture before starting their degrees, which can help them settle into life in the UK more easily.

Do International Students Need a Visa to Study in the UK?

International students require a visa to study in the UK. Students aged 16 and older need a , while those aged 4 to 17 typically need a . However, if a student aged 16 or 17 plans to attend an independent school, they might also use a Child Student visa.

What’s the Cost of Living Like in the UK for International Students?

Studying in the UK can be costly, but for many students, it’s a worthwhile investment. By researching current tuition and living expenses, international students can budget to ensure they have the means to study in-country.

Before you make your budget, learn more about the cost of living in the UK for international students.

Tuition Fees

The cost of studying in the UK varies by institution, level of study, and type of course. Science and engineering degrees are generally more expensive than humanities, social science, and other arts courses. According to the , international undergraduate tuition fees can range from ÂŁ11,400 to ÂŁ38,000 annually, or more for medical degrees.

Looking for scholarships to study in the UK? Check out our blog post detailing some opportunities available to international students!

Living Expenses

International students also have to account for housing, food, transportation, and other day-to-day living expenses. Costs are generally higher in bigger cities, but can vary greatly depending on your lifestyle, housing, and spending habits.

The city of London has the highest cost of living in the UK. In fact, students need to if they’re studying in London or its surrounding area. Other cities, like Belfast (in Northern Ireland) or Bath are ranked among the most affordable cities in the UK for students, according to the .

Housing Costs

Accommodation costs depend on the type of housing an international student chooses. Many students live at their university’s residence halls during their first year to ease their transition into a new environment. Then, they often move into private housing off-campus in the following years. On-campus residences include shared and private bedrooms, though private bedrooms are more common at UK universities.

When living in residence halls, students can choose between self-catered and catered residences. Self-catered halls include a kitchen, shared by 10 to 15 students, where students can prepare their meals. Catered halls include a cafeteria where students can get their meals with the cost of food included in the rental price.

In 2025, range from £400 to £900 per month. A will generally cost between £1,300 and £2,400 per month depending on where it’s located, while a one bedroom flat outside of London is £600-£1,500 per month. Homestays are another great option for international students, and generally cost from £600 to £1,100 per month.

Learn how to find a homestay in the UK with our helpful guide.

Other Living Expenses

International students should also budget for expenses like groceries, utilities (if living off-campus), a phone, textbooks and supplies, laundry, transportation, and entertainment.

What’s It Like to Live in the UK?

Like any other country, the UK has its own culture, norms, and traditions. These customs may differ from your home country and may take time to get used to.

UK Culture

The UK’s diversity makes it a cultural hub, and the country holds its own rich history. Wherever you study, you’ll easily find museums, galleries, restaurants, and parks to visit.

A central part of social life at universities is societies: clubs and teams run by student unions. Joining these is a great way to meet other students and immerse yourself in campus life. Beyond campus, international students may visit the local pub for a drink with friends, or enjoy local music.

When it comes to interacting with British people on and off-campus, manners are generally very important. Ensure you arrive on time for meetings, appointments, and classes. You may be expected to say “sorry” “or “excuse me” when asking someone a question, not just when apologizing. You’ll also see residents lining up in “queues”, or lines, so wait your turn or you may get some grumpy stares.

Food and Drink

Tea is an essential part of life in the UK. English Breakfast tea is the most popular, followed closely by Earl Grey. Afternoon tea, sometimes complete with pastries and tiny sandwiches, is an .

For food, you should make sure to try a few UK classics. A full English breakfast is a staple on the weekends. It often includes bacon, sausages, eggs, toast, mushrooms, beans, tomatoes, and tea or coffee. A Sunday roast is another traditional meal, which includes roast meat, potatoes, vegetables, and a Yorkshire pudding. Other popular dishes in the UK include fish and chips, haggis, and savoury pies.

Weather

The UK is characterized by its mild, damp climate. Temperatures rarely reach extremes but vary seasonally. Winter temperatures typically range from 2°C to 8°C with minimal snowfall, while summer temperatures range from 16°C to 24°C.

Because of these seasonal changes, it’s important to pack a diverse wardrobe—and always be prepared for rain! People in the UK love to talk about the weather, so if you’re trying to strike up a conversation, the weather is always a safe choice.

Healthcare

International students are required to pay an as part of their visa application fee. By paying this, students may receive medical care through the UK’s healthcare system at no additional cost, just like a permanent UK resident. However, while this surcharge includes general medical care, it may not cover prescription medicines, dental care, or optical treatment.

Transportation

The UK has a robust public transportation system with reliable, affordable public bus networks. You’ll find urban rail networks in major cities like Belfast, Edinburgh, and London. London is also home to the famous , otherwise known as “the Tube”, their below-ground subway system.

Additionally, the UK has a large network of roads and highways, making long distance travel by car possible between most places. Driving occurs on the left side of the road and most vehicles have steering wheels on the right side. Automatic transmission is also far more common than manual (stick-shift) transmission.

All cities and towns have one or more companies that offer taxi service, but taxis can get quite expensive. Taxi and ridesharing services like Uber are popular options in many parts of the UK.

Studying in the UK can be a transformative experience for international students. Top-tier courses and institutions, rich histories and landscapes to explore, and a vibrant culture all make the UK a top destination. We hope this guide has helped you prepare for your study abroad journey in the UK!

Ready to go? Explore your options for studying in the UK on 17łÔąĎÍř’s free-to-use platform.

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If you’re planning to enrol in postsecondary studies in the United States, you’re likely headed to a college or university. Sometimes, the terms “college” and “university” are used interchangeably, though they actually refer to different institutions in the US. So, what is the difference between a college and a university in the US?

Before we dive in, note that the details in this article are specifically about the US. The terms “college” and “university” are used differently in Canada, which is worth knowing if you’re applying to study programs in both countries! For example, in Canada, universities primarily offer undergraduate and graduate degree programs. Meanwhile, Canadian colleges tend to grant more certificates and diplomas.

Let’s dive into what these terms mean in the US.

What is a College vs. a University in the US?

There’s an the difference between college and university in the US:

• A college teaches mostly undergraduate programs, and is often smaller in size.
• A university offers both undergraduate and graduate programs, and tends to be better-known for research.

There are exceptions, of course. Some institutions still call themselves “colleges” even though they offer graduate programs (Dartmouth College and Boston College are two examples). Meanwhile, some colleges offer access to extensive research opportunities, just like universities.

Universities can also be made up of a group of colleges. For example, Harvard College is Harvard University’s liberal arts college. In fact, Harvard is home to over 10 graduate and professional colleges! They include Harvard Law School, Harvard Business School, and Harvard Medical School.

At the end of the day, “college” and “university” aren’t regulated terms in the US. So, it’s important for students to do their research into their desired institutions’ program options, campus experience, research potential, and extracurricular options. After all, as we explain below, not all colleges look the same either.

Planning to study in the US? Check out our undergraduate and postgraduate application process guides for US colleges and universities.

Private and Public Institutions

Every college or university in the US fits into one of two categories: private or public. This split refers to the top funding source of each type of institution. Let’s look at public vs. private universities and colleges, and how they differ.

Public Institutions

Public colleges and universities are primarily . In return, public colleges and universities must follow educational requirements set out by the state they’re located in. Public colleges and universities in the USA also receive funding via tuition and other student fees, individual and corporate donations, and endowments.

Private Institutions

Most funding for private colleges and universities comes from a combination of tuition fees, alumni donations, and endowments. While they historically receive funding from different levels of government——most funding for private colleges comes from private (non-government) sources. Because of this private funding, private institutions often have specialized curriculum, or teaching methods.

One example of this is religious universities and colleges. As these institutions are privately funded, they may teach a greater amount of faith-based material. That said, while their teaching is based in a specific faith, most religious colleges welcome students of all beliefs. Regardless of whether they’re faith-based or secular, all private colleges, like public colleges, must obey state and federal laws around education, discrimination, health and safety, and student rights.

Tuition

Although the published tuition rate at private institutions—especially prestigious ones like the Ivy League schools—can look very expensive, their admissions teams can apply scholarships and financial aid to help tuition costs be more accessible. Privately-funded colleges and universities have more control over their funds, so can develop programs to help welcome a wider diversity of students.

Check out our guide to CPT, OPT, and on-campus work options in the US to learn how you can gain work experience during your studies.

Types of Colleges and Universities in the US

Next, let’s take a closer look at different kinds of colleges and universities you might apply to in the United States.

State Colleges and Universities

A state college or university is guided by the state government where it’s located. Each of the 50 American states has at least one state university, and many states also have multiple state colleges. All of these institutions receive most of their funding from some combination of state and federal public funds. Because state colleges offer four-year bachelor’s degrees, they’re also called “four-year colleges.”

It’s often simple to figure out which schools are state-run. The majority of state institutions’ names include the name of the state they’re in. For example, Louisiana State University is in Louisiana and the University of Utah is in Utah.

Community Colleges

American community colleges are best known for providing technical training and diplomas. Students can also take English as a Second Language (ESL) programs at community colleges, which prepare them for university-level coursework. Community colleges also offer two-year associate degree programs. Because of this, you might also hear them referred to as “two-year colleges.”

Associate degree programs are often set up to allow students to either enter the workforce directly or transfer to a university or college. Many community colleges have close ties to state schools, which can make transferring easy!

Community colleges are usually supported locally, regionally, or by the state government.

To learn about different colleges, work-while-studying guidelines, visa processes, and more, read our guide on why you should study in the US!

Research vs. Teaching Universities

One final thing to keep in mind when considering college vs. university is that universities are either focused on being research or teaching institutions. Faculty time is divided between teaching and research at all universities. However, the balance between the two changes based on what kind of university it is.

Generally, large universities are research-focused because they have the size and funding to accommodate research. They usually have state-of-the-art equipment and facilities. The downside of research universities is that undergraduate classes are often large, and classes may be taught by graduate teaching assistants instead of professors.

On the other hand, teaching universities are focused on teaching. Most professors at these universities have full teaching loads and don’t have as much pressure to publish as profs at research institutions. While this may mean smaller facilities, and not as many perks as you might find at a larger research institution, teaching universities are a great choice if you value interactive time with your professors.

Let’s wrap up with some frequently asked questions about colleges and universities in the US.

US College and University FAQ:

Q: As an international student, can I apply to public and private universities?

A: Yes. Most academic institutions in the US welcome international students. However, it’s important to understand application criteria at the specific colleges or universities you’re applying to, so be sure to find out before you apply.

Q: Can I apply for financial aid in the US?

A: While there are many scholarships open to international students, financial aid is almost always reserved for US citizens. That said, there are some rare exceptions. To learn more, visit the U.S. Government’s .

Q: Can I transfer to an American university from a university outside the US?

A: Yes, although to complete your degree, and all of your existing credits (or classes) may not transfer successfully. Check in with the International Student Office at the university you’re interested in to learn more.

Q: Once I start classes, do I have to declare a major right away?

A: Not necessarily. Most students have until the end of their second year of studies to declare a major, although this may vary between institutions and programs.

We hope that this guide has helped you understand the differences between college and university in the US. Best of luck with your study journey! And, if you’re ready to start looking for programs, check out study programs now accepting international students by clicking the link below.

Find a study program in the US that fits your goals and budget on the 17łÔąĎÍř platform today!

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Planning to study abroad but unsure what country to study in? If you’re considering the United Kingdom, you’re actually choosing from four different countries, each with their own identity and culture! We’ve already taken a closer look at Wales and Scotland, both of which offer incredible landscapes and historic institutions. As we continue on our journey to uncover what each of these countries has to offer, our next stop takes us across the water to Northern Ireland.

Featuring a metropolitan capital city, welcoming communities, and institutions with strong academic reputations, Northern Ireland offers a unique experience for international students. If you want to know why you should consider this enchanting part of the UK, here are some reasons to make Northern Ireland your home away from home.

Start your study journey to the UK today by using our free 17łÔąĎÍř platform!

1. Welcoming Community

Northern Ireland is known for its hospitality. In fact, hospitality and tourism is at the ! From its bustling capital city of Belfast to calm coastal villages—including , where scenes from “Game of Thrones” were filmed—you’ll find friendly faces everywhere you go. Locals are often eager to , making it easy for international students to feel comfortable and included in their new environment. Because speaking dialects change across the country, it might be tricky at first to understand some of the locals, or . Be patient with yourself and with others, and don’t be afraid to ask if you don’t understand something.

Northern Ireland is also known for being a . The crime rate in Northern Ireland is relatively low compared to other regions, allowing you to feel secure as you navigate your new surroundings. Enjoy the picturesque views and safe streets while you study and explore.

Planning to work during your studies? Read more about great part-time jobs for international students in the UK.

2. Rich Cultural Heritage and Exciting Student Life

Northern Ireland’s culture is coloured by its storied and complex history. While hunter-gatherers first arrived in 9000 BC, Northern Ireland’s story includes settlement by the Celts and Vikings, as well as its important maritime role since the time of the British Empire. From ancient castles like to the historic and political murals of , there’s always something to see or something new to learn about Northern Irelanders, past and present. To understand Northern Irish culture and history, you can visit museums and historical sites like the Ulster Museum, home to art, history, and natural science exhibits.

Looking for something more social? Consider attending , which run year-round and can be a great window into local culture. Some popular events include the , the musical , or the .

Between lively cultural events, you can watch or take part in sports including local football and rugby matches. Whether you enjoy a night out or cozy get-togethers with friends, there’s something for everyone.

3. Stunning Natural Landscapes

If you love nature, Northern Ireland won’t disappoint. The country’s breathtaking landscapes include the iconic , a huge area of interlocking basalt columns caused by an ancient volcanic eruption. For hikers and cyclists, the sweeping and an impressive coastline offer plenty of opportunities for exploration.

But you don’t have to leave the city to enjoy green spaces—Belfast is considered a walkable city, with a high density of . From walking in Stormont Estate to biking in Barnett Demesne, there are many beautiful places to explore.

4. Affordable Living

Compared to other parts of the UK, Northern Ireland offers a more affordable cost of living. In fact, . This means that even in Northern Ireland’s capital, living costs can be significantly lower than in cities like London or Edinburgh. For example, Meanwhile, groceries and transportation costs are up to 40% more affordable.

Before you start your studies abroad, be sure to create a budget you can follow. To learn more about the cost of living across the UK, check out our blog.

5. Diverse Student Community

Northern Ireland is home to a diverse and dynamic student population. Nearly 70,000 students are enrolled at their five higher education institutions. These institutions attract students from across the globe, with over . That’s nearly a quarter of all students! This international student population and dedicated support systems for international students help to create a multicultural environment, enriching your educational experience and allowing you to forge friendships and connections with fellow students from all around the world.

6. High Academic Standards

Universities in Northern Ireland have a strong reputation for academic excellence. Many institutions, including Queen’s University Belfast and Ulster University, rank among the top universities in the UK. They are renowned for their programmes on Information Technology & Systems, Pharmacy, Dispute Resolution, Planning and Development, and Agriculture. Northern Ireland’s universities are known to focus on research, leading the UK in law, biomedical, global peace, and nursing research.

Studying in Northern Ireland is more than just earning a degree. It’s about embracing a way of life filled with warmth, adventure, and incredible experiences. With its beautiful landscapes, rich culture, and welcoming people, Northern Ireland offers an unparalleled setting for your academic journey. So pack your bags and get ready for an unforgettable adventure—Northern Ireland is waiting for you!

Already have your bags packed? Use our free 17łÔąĎÍř platform to get started on your study abroad experience in the UK!

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